Dr. Heidi R. Lewis
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A Note to Old Heads: A Conclusion
from Make Rappers Rap Again: Interrogating the Mumble Rap “Crisis”Theorizing African American Music Series | Oxford University Press | August 2025 Click here to order! Use promotion code AUFLY30 to save 30%! Check your preferred provider for eBooks! “You gon’ do what to who? Stop it. You havin’ shit yo’ way? Pop it. They cannot…
21 Savage and drugs, 21 Savage and Mumble Rap, 21 Savage drugs, 21 Savage Mumble Rap, DJ Drama, DJ Drama and Mumble Rap, DJ Drama Mumble Rap, female rappers, Future and Mumble Rap, Future Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane and Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane Mumble Rap, Gunna and Mumble Rap, Gunna Mumble Rap, Hip Hop and drugs, Hip Hop and gender, Hip Hop and mental health, Hip Hop and sexuality, Hip Hop and the South, Hip Hop drugs, Hip Hop gender, Hip Hop mental health, Hip Hop sexuality, Hip Hop Studies, Hip Hop the South, Interrogating the Mumble Rap Crisis, Juice WRLD and drugs, Juice WRLD and mental health, Juice WRLD and Mumble Rap, Juice WRLD drugs, Juice WRLD mental health, Juice WRLD Mumble Rap, Kid Cudi and drugs, Kid Cudi and mental health, Kid Cudi drugs, Kid Cudi mental health, Kodak Black and drugs, Kodak Black and Mumble Rap, Kodak Black drugs, Kodak Black Mumble Rap, Lil Pump and Mumble Rap, Lil Pump Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert and gender, Lil Uzi Vert and mental health, Lil Uzi Vert and Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert gender, Lil Uzi Vert mental health, Lil Wayne and Mumble Rap, Lil Wayne Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty and Gender, Lil Yachty and Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty gender, Lil Yachty Mumble Rap, Make Rappers Rap Again, Migos and Mumble Rap, Migos Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap and drugs, Mumble Rap and the South, Mumble Rap Crisis, Mumble Rap drugs, Mumble Rap the South, Mumble Rappers, NBA YoungBoy and Mumble Rap, NBA YoungBoy Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop Mumble Rap, Old School Rap and Mumble Rap, Old School Rap Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti and mental health, Playboi Carti and Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti mental health, Playboi Carti Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd and Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd Mumble Rap, Rap and drugs, Rap and gender, Rap and mental health, Rap and sexuality, Rap and the South, Rap drugs, Rap gender, Rap mental health, Rap seuxality, Rap the South, Rich Homie Quan and Mumble Rap, Rich Homie Quan Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid and Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid Mumble Rap, SoundCloud Rap, Southern Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Southern Hip Hop Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky and Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky Mumble Rap, Travis Scott and Mumble Rap, Travis Scott Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd and mental health, Trippie Redd and Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd mental health, Trippie Redd Mumble Rpa, women Hip Hop, women in Hip Hop, women in Rap, women rap, women rappers, XXXTentacion and mental health, XXXTentacion and Mumble Rap, XXXTentacion mental health, XXXTentacion Mumble Rap, Young Thug and gender, Young Thug and Mumble Rap, Young Thug gender -
Chapter Five, “You just gotta embrace the youth in all aspects!”:The DJ Drama Interview
from Make Rappers Rap Again: Interrogating the Mumble Rap “Crisis”Theorizing African American Music Series | Oxford University Press | August 2025 Click here to order! Use promotion code AUFLY30 to save 30%! Check your preferred provider for eBooks! “Sometimes, we gotta get out of our own way…We’re not gonna always understand the youth.”—DJ Drama (2021)…
21 Savage and drugs, 21 Savage and Mumble Rap, 21 Savage drugs, 21 Savage Mumble Rap, DJ Drama, DJ Drama and Mumble Rap, DJ Drama Mumble Rap, female rappers, Future and Mumble Rap, Future Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane and Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane Mumble Rap, Gunna and Mumble Rap, Gunna Mumble Rap, Hip Hop and drugs, Hip Hop and gender, Hip Hop and mental health, Hip Hop and sexuality, Hip Hop and the South, Hip Hop drugs, Hip Hop gender, Hip Hop mental health, Hip Hop sexuality, Hip Hop Studies, Hip Hop the South, Interrogating the Mumble Rap Crisis, Juice WRLD and drugs, Juice WRLD and mental health, Juice WRLD and Mumble Rap, Juice WRLD drugs, Juice WRLD mental health, Juice WRLD Mumble Rap, Kid Cudi and drugs, Kid Cudi and mental health, Kid Cudi drugs, Kid Cudi mental health, Kodak Black and drugs, Kodak Black and Mumble Rap, Kodak Black drugs, Kodak Black Mumble Rap, Lil Pump and Mumble Rap, Lil Pump Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert and gender, Lil Uzi Vert and mental health, Lil Uzi Vert and Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert gender, Lil Uzi Vert mental health, Lil Wayne and Mumble Rap, Lil Wayne Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty and Gender, Lil Yachty and Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty gender, Lil Yachty Mumble Rap, Make Rappers Rap Again, Migos and Mumble Rap, Migos Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap and drugs, Mumble Rap and the South, Mumble Rap Crisis, Mumble Rap drugs, Mumble Rap the South, Mumble Rappers, NBA YoungBoy and Mumble Rap, NBA YoungBoy Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop Mumble Rap, Old School Rap and Mumble Rap, Old School Rap Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti and mental health, Playboi Carti and Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti mental health, Playboi Carti Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd and Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd Mumble Rap, Rap and drugs, Rap and gender, Rap and mental health, Rap and sexuality, Rap and the South, Rap drugs, Rap gender, Rap mental health, Rap seuxality, Rap the South, Rich Homie Quan and Mumble Rap, Rich Homie Quan Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid and Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid Mumble Rap, SoundCloud Rap, Southern Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Southern Hip Hop Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky and Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky Mumble Rap, Travis Scott and Mumble Rap, Travis Scott Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd and mental health, Trippie Redd and Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd mental health, Trippie Redd Mumble Rpa, women Hip Hop, women in Hip Hop, women in Rap, women rap, women rappers, XXXTentacion and mental health, XXXTentacion and Mumble Rap, XXXTentacion mental health, XXXTentacion Mumble Rap, Young Thug and gender, Young Thug and Mumble Rap, Young Thug gender, Young Thug Mumble Rap -
Chapter Four, “I feel like it’s no such thing as gender!”:The Contours of Hip Hop Masculinity
from Make Rappers Rap Again: Interrogating the Mumble Rap “Crisis”Theorizing African American Music Series | Oxford University Press | August 2025 Click here to order! Use promotion code AUFLY30 to save 30%! Check your preferred provider for eBooks! “Stress on my shoulders like an anvil. Percky got me itchin’ like an anthill. Drugs killin’ me…
21 Savage and drugs, 21 Savage and Mumble Rap, 21 Savage drugs, 21 Savage Mumble Rap, DJ Drama, DJ Drama and Mumble Rap, DJ Drama Mumble Rap, female rappers, Future and Mumble Rap, Future Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane and Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane Mumble Rap, Gunna and Mumble Rap, Gunna Mumble Rap, Hip Hop and drugs, Hip Hop and gender, Hip Hop and mental health, Hip Hop and sexuality, Hip Hop and the South, Hip Hop drugs, Hip Hop gender, Hip Hop mental health, Hip Hop sexuality, Hip Hop Studies, Hip Hop the South, Interrogating the Mumble Rap Crisis, Juice WRLD and drugs, Juice WRLD and mental health, Juice WRLD and Mumble Rap, Juice WRLD drugs, Juice WRLD mental health, Juice WRLD Mumble Rap, Kid Cudi and drugs, Kid Cudi and mental health, Kid Cudi drugs, Kid Cudi mental health, Kodak Black and drugs, Kodak Black and Mumble Rap, Kodak Black drugs, Kodak Black Mumble Rap, Lil Pump and Mumble Rap, Lil Pump Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert and gender, Lil Uzi Vert and mental health, Lil Uzi Vert and Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert gender, Lil Uzi Vert mental health, Lil Wayne and Mumble Rap, Lil Wayne Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty and Gender, Lil Yachty and Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty gender, Lil Yachty Mumble Rap, Make Rappers Rap Again, Migos and Mumble Rap, Migos Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap and drugs, Mumble Rap and the South, Mumble Rap Crisis, Mumble Rap drugs, Mumble Rap the South, Mumble Rappers, NBA YoungBoy and Mumble Rap, NBA YoungBoy Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop Mumble Rap, Old School Rap and Mumble Rap, Old School Rap Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti and mental health, Playboi Carti and Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti mental health, Playboi Carti Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd and Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd Mumble Rap, Rap and drugs, Rap and gender, Rap and mental health, Rap and sexuality, Rap and the South, Rap drugs, Rap gender, Rap mental health, Rap seuxality, Rap the South, Rich Homie Quan and Mumble Rap, Rich Homie Quan Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid and Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid Mumble Rap, SoundCloud Rap, Southern Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Southern Hip Hop Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky and Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky Mumble Rap, Travis Scott and Mumble Rap, Travis Scott Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd and mental health, Trippie Redd and Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd mental health, Trippie Redd Mumble Rpa, women Hip Hop, women in Hip Hop, women in Rap, women rap, women rappers, XXXTentacion and mental health, XXXTentacion and Mumble Rap, XXXTentacion mental health, XXXTentacion Mumble Rap, Young Thug and gender, Young Thug and Mumble Rap, Young Thug gender, Young Thug Mumble Rap -
Chapter Three, “Outsiders are welcome—but not, of course, necessary!”:The South
from Make Rappers Rap Again: Interrogating the Mumble Rap “Crisis”Theorizing African American Music Series | Oxford University Press | August 2025 Click here to order! Use promotion code AUFLY30 to save 30%! Check your preferred provider for eBooks! “I don’t feel like nobody who they say mumble rap mumbles. . . .They don’t understand my…
21 Savage and drugs, 21 Savage and Mumble Rap, 21 Savage drugs, 21 Savage Mumble Rap, DJ Drama, DJ Drama and Mumble Rap, DJ Drama Mumble Rap, female rappers, Future and Mumble Rap, Future Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane and Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane Mumble Rap, Gunna and Mumble Rap, Gunna Mumble Rap, Hip Hop and drugs, Hip Hop and gender, Hip Hop and mental health, Hip Hop and sexuality, Hip Hop and the South, Hip Hop drugs, Hip Hop gender, Hip Hop mental health, Hip Hop sexuality, Hip Hop Studies, Hip Hop the South, Interrogating the Mumble Rap Crisis, Juice WRLD and drugs, Juice WRLD and mental health, Juice WRLD and Mumble Rap, Juice WRLD drugs, Juice WRLD mental health, Juice WRLD Mumble Rap, Kid Cudi and drugs, Kid Cudi and mental health, Kid Cudi drugs, Kid Cudi mental health, Kodak Black and drugs, Kodak Black and Mumble Rap, Kodak Black drugs, Kodak Black Mumble Rap, Lil Pump and Mumble Rap, Lil Pump Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert and gender, Lil Uzi Vert and mental health, Lil Uzi Vert and Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert gender, Lil Uzi Vert mental health, Lil Wayne and Mumble Rap, Lil Wayne Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty and Gender, Lil Yachty and Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty gender, Lil Yachty Mumble Rap, Make Rappers Rap Again, Migos and Mumble Rap, Migos Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap and drugs, Mumble Rap and the South, Mumble Rap Crisis, Mumble Rap drugs, Mumble Rap the South, Mumble Rappers, NBA YoungBoy and Mumble Rap, NBA YoungBoy Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop Mumble Rap, Old School Rap and Mumble Rap, Old School Rap Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti and mental health, Playboi Carti and Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti mental health, Playboi Carti Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd and Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd Mumble Rap, Rap and drugs, Rap and gender, Rap and mental health, Rap and sexuality, Rap and the South, Rap drugs, Rap gender, Rap mental health, Rap seuxality, Rap the South, Rich Homie Quan and Mumble Rap, Rich Homie Quan Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid and Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid Mumble Rap, SoundCloud Rap, Southern Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Southern Hip Hop Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky and Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky Mumble Rap, Travis Scott and Mumble Rap, Travis Scott Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd and mental health, Trippie Redd and Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd mental health, Trippie Redd Mumble Rpa, women Hip Hop, women in Hip Hop, women in Rap, women rap, women rappers, XXXTentacion and mental health, XXXTentacion and Mumble Rap, XXXTentacion mental health, XXXTentacion Mumble Rap, Young Thug and gender, Young Thug and Mumble Rap, Young Thug gender, Young Thug Mumble Rap -
Chapter Two, “Not every song is that fuckin’ simple!”:The Mumble Rap Sound
from Make Rappers Rap Again: Interrogating the Mumble Rap “Crisis”Theorizing African American Music Series | Oxford University Press | August 2025 Click here to order! Use promotion code AUFLY30 to save 30%! Check your preferred provider for eBooks! “It’s a tribute to how deeply felt hip-hop is that people don’t just sit back and listen…
21 Savage and drugs, 21 Savage and Mumble Rap, 21 Savage drugs, 21 Savage Mumble Rap, DJ Drama, DJ Drama and Mumble Rap, DJ Drama Mumble Rap, female rappers, Future and Mumble Rap, Future Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane and Mumble Rap, Gucci Mane Mumble Rap, Gunna and Mumble Rap, Gunna Mumble Rap, Hip Hop and drugs, Hip Hop and gender, Hip Hop and mental health, Hip Hop and sexuality, Hip Hop and the South, Hip Hop drugs, Hip Hop gender, Hip Hop mental health, Hip Hop sexuality, Hip Hop Studies, Hip Hop the South, Interrogating the Mumble Rap Crisis, Juice WRLD and drugs, Juice WRLD and mental health, Juice WRLD and Mumble Rap, Juice WRLD drugs, Juice WRLD mental health, Juice WRLD Mumble Rap, Kid Cudi and drugs, Kid Cudi and mental health, Kid Cudi drugs, Kid Cudi mental health, Kodak Black and drugs, Kodak Black and Mumble Rap, Kodak Black drugs, Kodak Black Mumble Rap, Lil Pump and Mumble Rap, Lil Pump Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert and gender, Lil Uzi Vert and mental health, Lil Uzi Vert and Mumble Rap, Lil Uzi Vert gender, Lil Uzi Vert mental health, Lil Wayne and Mumble Rap, Lil Wayne Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty and Gender, Lil Yachty and Mumble Rap, Lil Yachty gender, Lil Yachty Mumble Rap, Make Rappers Rap Again, Migos and Mumble Rap, Migos Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap, Mumble Rap and drugs, Mumble Rap and the South, Mumble Rap Crisis, Mumble Rap drugs, Mumble Rap the South, Mumble Rappers, NBA YoungBoy and Mumble Rap, NBA YoungBoy Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Old School Hip Hop Mumble Rap, Old School Rap and Mumble Rap, Old School Rap Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti and mental health, Playboi Carti and Mumble Rap, Playboi Carti mental health, Playboi Carti Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd and Mumble Rap, Rae Sremmurd Mumble Rap, Rap and drugs, Rap and gender, Rap and mental health, Rap and sexuality, Rap and the South, Rap drugs, Rap gender, Rap mental health, Rap seuxality, Rap the South, Rich Homie Quan and Mumble Rap, Rich Homie Quan Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid and Mumble Rap, Rich the Kid Mumble Rap, SoundCloud Rap, Southern Hip Hop and Mumble Rap, Southern Hip Hop Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky and Mumble Rap, StaySolidRocky Mumble Rap, Travis Scott and Mumble Rap, Travis Scott Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd and mental health, Trippie Redd and Mumble Rap, Trippie Redd mental health, Trippie Redd Mumble Rpa, women Hip Hop, women in Hip Hop, women in Rap, women rap, women rappers, XXXTentacion and mental health, XXXTentacion and Mumble Rap, XXXTentacion mental health, XXXTentacion Mumble Rap, Young Thug and gender, Young Thug and Mumble Rap, Young Thug gender, Young Thug Mumble Rap
Dr. Heidi R. Lewis 